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Understanding the Boar’s Reproductive System: The Foundation of Fertility

20.08.2025

Case Study: Low Semen Quality Due to Misunderstood Anatomy

At a commercial boar stud managing over 100 active sires, technicians began to notice declining semen quality during the summer months. Despite well-maintained housing and scheduled collections, the percentage of motile sperm fell significantly, and morphological abnormalities increased. Upon investigation, it became evident that the issue wasn’t environmental management alone—it was a fundamental misunderstanding of the thermoregulation and anatomy of the boar’s reproductive system.

The Technical Challenge

The boar’s reproductive anatomy is uniquely suited for high-volume sperm production, but it is also highly sensitive to environmental fluctuations. Testicular thermoregulation, for example, requires temperatures approximately 4°C lower than the boar’s core body temperature. Poorly ventilated barns or improper pen design can cause overheating, disrupting spermatogenesis and affecting fertility. In particular, boars with tightly attached scrotums are more susceptible to seasonal fertility losses due to heat stress.

Pic 1 structure of testes

IMV Technologies’ Insights and Recommendations

IMV Technologies outlines a detailed anatomical and physiological overview in its white paper, emphasizing the importance of testicular symmetry, epididymal function, and scrotal design for optimal sperm development. Understanding the three distinct phases of spermatogenesis—mitosis, meiosis, and differentiation—helps AI centers align management practices with biological cycles.

To optimize testicular function:

  • Ensure barns are well-ventilated and maintain ambient temperatures below 26°C, especially in summer.
  • Monitor boar scrotal anatomy and implement individualized management for boars with closer scrotal attachment.
  • Use environmental enrichment and photoperiod management (16h light: 8h dark) to support hormonal regulation and libido.
Pic 2 thermoregulation of testis

The IMV Technologies Edge

By educating boar stud technicians on the physiological underpinnings of fertility, IMV Technologies equips AI centers to make informed decisions. Their recommendations are designed not just for immediate results, but for long-term improvements in genetic output and semen consistency.

Results and Takeaways

Following implementation of thermoregulation protocols, the AI center observed:

  • A 15% improvement in sperm motility.
  • Stabilized morphology rates under 20%.
  • Enhanced semen dose viability across storage intervals.

Understanding the reproductive system is not academic—it’s a daily operational necessity. With IMV Technologies’ guidance, AI centers turn anatomical knowledge into measurable reproductive success.

 Author: Tatiana Pash, veterinarian expert at IMV Technologies


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